6. ELECTROMAGNETIC MECHANISMS.

6. ELECTROMAGNETIC MECHANISMS.

They use electromagnetic phenomena to produce electricity or convert it into mechanical energy.

6.1. Electromagnetic generators.

Generators that produce direct current are called dynamos, and those that produce alternating current are called alternators.

Dynamos.
A dynamo consists of a magnet and a rotary coil. The coil is located beteen the two poles of the magnet. The ends of the coil have two semi-circular conductors, which form the commutator.

Alternators.
A simple alternator is almost identical to a dynamo, except for the commutador, which consist of two metallic rings connected to carbon brushes. Instead of a direct current, this produces alternating current.

6.2. Electric motors.

An electric motor is a device that can transform electrical energy into movement. It uses the forces of attraction and repulsion between a magnet and an electrically-charged wire.

6.3. Relays.
A relay is an electromagnetic component that works as a switch. Relays may have a single circuit with one moveable contact.